osproc

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This module implements an advanced facility for executing OS processes and process communication.

See also:

Types

ProcessOption = enum
  poEchoCmd,                  ## Echo the command before execution.
  poUsePath, ## Asks system to search for executable using PATH environment
            ## variable.
            ## On Windows, this is the default.
  poEvalCommand, ## Pass `command` directly to the shell, without quoting.
                ## Use it only if `command` comes from trusted source.
  poStdErrToStdOut,           ## Merge stdout and stderr to the stdout stream.
  poParentStreams,            ## Use the parent's streams.
  poInteractive, ## Optimize the buffer handling for responsiveness for
                ## UI applications. Currently this only affects
                ## Windows: Named pipes are used so that you can peek
                ## at the process' output streams.
  poDaemon                    ## Windows: The program creates no Window.
          ## Unix: Start the program as a daemon. This is still
          ## work in progress!
Options that can be passed to startProcess proc.   Source Edit 
Process = ref ProcessObj
Represents an operating system process.   Source Edit

Consts

poDemon = poDaemon
Nim versions before 0.20 used the wrong spelling ("demon"). Now ProcessOption uses the correct spelling ("daemon"), and this is needed just for backward compatibility.   Source Edit

Procs

proc processID(p: Process): int {...}{.gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", raises: [], tags: [].}

Returns p's process ID.

See also:

  Source Edit 
proc inputHandle(p: Process): FileHandle {...}{.gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", tags: [], raises: [].}

Returns p's input file handle for writing to.

WARNING: The returned FileHandle should not be closed manually as it is closed when closing the Process p.

See also:

  Source Edit 
proc outputHandle(p: Process): FileHandle {...}{.gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", tags: [],
                                        raises: [].}

Returns p's output file handle for reading from.

WARNING: The returned FileHandle should not be closed manually as it is closed when closing the Process p.

See also:

  Source Edit 
proc errorHandle(p: Process): FileHandle {...}{.gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", tags: [], raises: [].}

Returns p's error file handle for reading from.

WARNING: The returned FileHandle should not be closed manually as it is closed when closing the Process p.

See also:

  Source Edit 
proc countProcessors(): int {...}{.gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", raises: [], tags: [].}
Returns the number of the processors/cores the machine has. Returns 0 if it cannot be detected. It is implemented just calling cpuinfo.countProcessors.   Source Edit 
proc execProcesses(cmds: openArray[string];
                  options = {poStdErrToStdOut, poParentStreams};
                  n = countProcessors(); beforeRunEvent: proc (idx: int) = nil;
                  afterRunEvent: proc (idx: int; p: Process) = nil): int {...}{.gcsafe,
    extern: "nosp$1", tags: [ExecIOEffect, TimeEffect, ReadEnvEffect, RootEffect],
    raises: [Exception, OSError].}

Executes the commands cmds in parallel. Creates n processes that execute in parallel.

The highest (absolute) return value of all processes is returned. Runs beforeRunEvent before running each command.

  Source Edit 
proc execProcess(command: string; workingDir: string = "";
                args: openArray[string] = []; env: StringTableRef = nil; options: set[
    ProcessOption] = {poStdErrToStdOut, poUsePath, poEvalCommand}): TaintedString {...}{.
    gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", tags: [ExecIOEffect, ReadIOEffect, RootEffect],
    raises: [Exception, Defect, IOError, OSError].}

A convenience procedure that executes command with startProcess and returns its output as a string.

WARNING: This function uses poEvalCommand by default for backward compatibility. Make sure to pass options explicitly.

See also:

Example:

let outp = execProcess("nim", args=["c", "-r", "mytestfile.nim"], options={poUsePath})
let outp_shell = execProcess("nim c -r mytestfile.nim")
# Note: outp may have an interleave of text from the nim compile
# and any output from mytestfile when it runs
  Source Edit 
proc startProcess(command: string; workingDir: string = "";
                 args: openArray[string] = []; env: StringTableRef = nil;
                 options: set[ProcessOption] = {poStdErrToStdOut}): owned(Process) {...}{.
    gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", tags: [ExecIOEffect, ReadEnvEffect, RootEffect],
    raises: [OSError, Exception, ValueError].}

Starts a process. Command is the executable file, workingDir is the process's working directory. If workingDir == "" the current directory is used (default). args are the command line arguments that are passed to the process. On many operating systems, the first command line argument is the name of the executable. args should not contain this argument! env is the environment that will be passed to the process. If env == nil (default) the environment is inherited of the parent process. options are additional flags that may be passed to startProcess. See the documentation of ProcessOption for the meaning of these flags.

You need to close the process when done.

Note that you can't pass any args if you use the option poEvalCommand, which invokes the system shell to run the specified command. In this situation you have to concatenate manually the contents of args to command carefully escaping/quoting any special characters, since it will be passed as is to the system shell. Each system/shell may feature different escaping rules, so try to avoid this kind of shell invocation if possible as it leads to non portable software.

Return value: The newly created process object. Nil is never returned, but OSError is raised in case of an error.

See also:

  Source Edit 
proc close(p: Process) {...}{.gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", tags: [WriteIOEffect], raises: [].}

When the process has finished executing, cleanup related handles.

WARNING: If the process has not finished executing, this will forcibly terminate the process. Doing so may result in zombie processes and pty leaks.

  Source Edit 
proc suspend(p: Process) {...}{.gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", tags: [], raises: [].}

Suspends the process p.

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  Source Edit 
proc resume(p: Process) {...}{.gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", tags: [], raises: [].}

Resumes the process p.

See also:

  Source Edit 
proc running(p: Process): bool {...}{.gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", tags: [], raises: [].}
Returns true iff the process p is still running. Returns immediately.   Source Edit 
proc terminate(p: Process) {...}{.gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", tags: [], raises: [].}

Stop the process p.

On Posix OSes the procedure sends SIGTERM to the process. On Windows the Win32 API function TerminateProcess() is called to stop the process.

See also:

  Source Edit 
proc kill(p: Process) {...}{.gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", tags: [], raises: [].}

Kill the process p.

On Posix OSes the procedure sends SIGKILL to the process. On Windows kill is simply an alias for terminate().

See also:

  Source Edit 
proc waitForExit(p: Process; timeout: int = -1): int {...}{.gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", tags: [],
    raises: [].}

Waits for the process to finish and returns p's error code.

WARNING: Be careful when using waitForExit for processes created without poParentStreams because they may fill output buffers, causing deadlock.

On posix, if the process has exited because of a signal, 128 + signal number will be returned.

  Source Edit 
proc peekExitCode(p: Process): int {...}{.gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", tags: [], raises: [].}

Return -1 if the process is still running. Otherwise the process' exit code.

On posix, if the process has exited because of a signal, 128 + signal number will be returned.

  Source Edit 
proc inputStream(p: Process): Stream {...}{.gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", tags: [], raises: [].}

Returns p's input stream for writing to.

WARNING: The returned Stream should not be closed manually as it is closed when closing the Process p.

See also:

  Source Edit 
proc outputStream(p: Process): Stream {...}{.gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", tags: [], raises: [].}

Returns p's output stream for reading from.

WARNING: The returned Stream should not be closed manually as it is closed when closing the Process p.

See also:

  Source Edit 
proc errorStream(p: Process): Stream {...}{.gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", tags: [], raises: [].}

Returns p's error stream for reading from.

WARNING: The returned Stream should not be closed manually as it is closed when closing the Process p.

See also:

  Source Edit 
proc execCmd(command: string): int {...}{.gcsafe, extern: "nosp$1", tags: [ExecIOEffect,
    ReadIOEffect, RootEffect], raises: [OSError].}

Executes command and returns its error code.

Standard input, output, error streams are inherited from the calling process. This operation is also often called system.

See also:

Example:

let errC = execCmd("nim c -r mytestfile.nim")
  Source Edit 
proc hasData(p: Process): bool {...}{.raises: [], tags: [].}
  Source Edit 
proc execCmdEx(command: string;
              options: set[ProcessOption] = {poStdErrToStdOut, poUsePath}): tuple[
    output: TaintedString, exitCode: int] {...}{.tags: [ExecIOEffect, ReadIOEffect,
    RootEffect], gcsafe, raises: [OSError, Exception, ValueError, IOError, Defect].}

A convenience proc that runs the command, grabs all its output and exit code and returns both.

See also:

Example:

let (outp, errC) = execCmdEx("nim c -r mytestfile.nim")
  Source Edit

Made with Nim. Generated: 2020-04-03 14:01:53 UTC