This module implements a simple high performance XML / HTML parser. The only encoding that is supported is UTF-8. The parser has been designed to be somewhat error correcting, so that even most "wild HTML" found on the web can be parsed with it. Note: This parser does not check that each <tag> has a corresponding </tag>! These checks have do be implemented by the client code for various reasons:

• Old HTML contains tags that have no end tag: <br> for example.
• HTML tags are case insensitive, XML tags are case sensitive. Since this library can parse both, only the client knows which comparison is to be used.
• Thus the checks would have been very difficult to implement properly with little benefit, especially since they are simple to implement in the client. The client should use the errorMsgExpected proc to generate a nice error message that fits the other error messages this library creates.

Example 1: Retrieve HTML title

The file examples/htmltitle.nim demonstrates how to use the XML parser to accomplish a simple task: To determine the title of an HTML document.

# Example program to show the parsexml module
# This program reads an HTML file and writes its title to stdout.
# Errors and whitespace are ignored.

import os, streams, parsexml, strutils

if paramCount() < 1:
  quit("Usage: htmltitle filename[.html]")

var filename = addFileExt(paramStr(1), "html")
var s = newFileStream(filename, fmRead)
if s == nil: quit("cannot open the file " & filename)
var x: XmlParser
open(x, s, filename)
while true:
  x.next()
  case x.kind
  of xmlElementStart:
    if cmpIgnoreCase(x.elementName, "title") == 0:
      var title = ""
      x.next()  # skip "<title>"
      while x.kind == xmlCharData:
        title.add(x.charData)
        x.next()
      if x.kind == xmlElementEnd and cmpIgnoreCase(x.elementName, "title") == 0:
        echo("Title: " & title)
        quit(0) # Success!
      else:
        echo(x.errorMsgExpected("/title"))
  
  of xmlEof: break # end of file reached
  else: discard # ignore other events

x.close()
quit("Could not determine title!")

Example 2: Retrieve all HTML links

The file examples/htmlrefs.nim demonstrates how to use the XML parser to accomplish another simple task: To determine all the links an HTML document contains.

# Example program to show the new parsexml module
# This program reads an HTML file and writes all its used links to stdout.
# Errors and whitespace are ignored.

import os, streams, parsexml, strutils

proc `=?=` (a, b: string): bool =
  # little trick: define our own comparator that ignores case
  return cmpIgnoreCase(a, b) == 0

if paramCount() < 1:
  quit("Usage: htmlrefs filename[.html]")

var links = 0 # count the number of links
var filename = addFileExt(paramStr(1), "html")
var s = newFileStream(filename, fmRead)
if s == nil: quit("cannot open the file " & filename)
var x: XmlParser
open(x, s, filename)
next(x) # get first event
block mainLoop:
  while true:
    case x.kind
    of xmlElementOpen:
      # the <a href = "xyz"> tag we are interested in always has an attribute,
      # thus we search for ``xmlElementOpen`` and not for ``xmlElementStart``
      if x.elementName =?= "a":
        x.next()
        if x.kind == xmlAttribute:
          if x.attrKey =?= "href":
            var link = x.attrValue
            inc(links)
            # skip until we have an ``xmlElementClose`` event
            while true:
              x.next()
              case x.kind
              of xmlEof: break mainLoop
              of xmlElementClose: break
              else: discard
            x.next() # skip ``xmlElementClose``
            # now we have the description for the ``a`` element
            var desc = ""
            while x.kind == xmlCharData:
              desc.add(x.charData)
              x.next()
            echo(desc & ": " & link)
      else:
        x.next()
    of xmlEof: break # end of file reached
    of xmlError:
      echo(errorMsg(x))
      x.next()
    else: x.next() # skip other events

echo($links & " link(s) found!")
x.close()